| アイテムタイプ |
デフォルトアイテムタイプ（フル）その２(1) |
| 公開日 |
2017-05-20 |
| タイトル |
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|
タイトル |
国際河川を巡る政治経済学的分析 : 中東・中央アジア |
|
言語 |
ja |
| タイトル |
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|
タイトル |
Political Economy of Cross-country Rivers (Middle East and Central Asia) |
|
言語 |
en |
| タイトル |
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タイトル |
コクサイ カセン オ メグル セイジ ケイザイガクテキ ブンセキ : チュウトウ チュウオウ アジア |
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言語 |
ja-Kana |
| 作成者 |
清水, 学
伊能, 武次
|
| アクセス権 |
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|
アクセス権 |
open access |
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アクセス権URI |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| 出版者 |
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出版者 |
Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University |
| 日付 |
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|
日付 |
2004-12 |
|
日付タイプ |
Issued |
| 言語 |
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言語 |
jpn |
| 資源タイプ |
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資源タイプ識別子 |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18gh |
|
資源タイプ |
technical report |
| 出版タイプ |
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|
出版タイプ |
VoR |
|
出版タイプResource |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| 関連情報 |
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関連タイプ |
isPartOf |
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|
関連名称 |
Discussion papers ; No. 2004-06 |
| ページ数 |
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|
ページ数 |
35 |
| 抄録（第三者提供不可） |
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|
値 |
This paper is a preliminary attempt to shed light on conflicts on international rivers by riparian countries with special reference to the Middle East and Central Asia. In the 1990s water issues as a possible source of international conflicts including wars came to the fore instead of the former conflicts over energy resources such as oil and gas. The reason given for these probabilities is an increasing difficulty to satisfy the demand for fresh water caused by population growth, industrialization and need for irrigation for food production. At the same time contamination and pollution of waters in international rivers is also another cause of conflicts. We do not expect any international conflicts over water would invite wars hastily. Because of vital importance of water for human lives any country behaves very prudently without taking recourse to an extreme form of conflict such as war. It is interesting to note that even during the wars in 1965 and 1972 India and Pakistan honored the Indus river sharing agreement in 1960. Nonetheless, there is no denying the fact that conflict over international rivers are expected to increase particularly in the Middle East and Central Asia. The agreement over the Nile between Egypt and Sudan is exposed to new pressure for revision. In Central Asia the former domestic rivers within the Soviet Union, Amu Darya and Sir Darya, turned out to be international rivers among the five Central Asian Republics. However, a solid framework for management and solution of water conflicts among the related Republics is not established yet, particularly between the upstream countries Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan vis-?-vis downstream countries Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. The upstream countries are concerned about energy supply in winter and the downstream countries are concerned about water for irrigation in spring and summer. A new agreement is in dire need for the solution of these rivers. As for water itself at present we observe mutually contradictory two views. One tries to treat water as common goods while other view tries to treat water as commodity. Each has its own philosophy and theoretical background. Also the convention on the law of the non-navigational uses of international watercourses of the UN in 1997 tries to reconcile the two principles of international watercourses: one is the “equitable and reasonable utilization” and the other is “obligations not to cause significant harm” for the other riparian states. The contradictions between the two will be issues to be discussed and solved in the near future. |
070econDP04-06.pdf (131924 bytes)
